Mention two main points about light.

Which of the following form$(s)$ a virtual and erect image for all positions of the object?

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ You have learnt that plane and convex mirrors produce virtual images of objects. Can they produce real images under some circumstances? Explain.
$(b)$ $A$ virtual image,we always say,cannot be caught on a screen. Yet when we 'see' a virtual image,we are obviously bringing it on to the 'screen' (i.e.,the retina) of our eye. Is there a contradiction?
$(c)$ $A$ diver under water,looks obliquely at a fisherman standing on the bank of a lake. Would the fisherman look taller or shorter to the diver than what he actually is?
$(d)$ Does the apparent depth of a tank of water change if viewed obliquely? If so,does the apparent depth increase or decrease?
$(e)$ The refractive index of diamond is much greater than that of ordinary glass. Is this fact of some use to a diamond cutter?

An object is placed at a distance of $30\,cm$ from a convex lens of focal length $20\,cm$. On the other side of the lens,a convex mirror is placed such that the image formed by the combination coincides with the object itself. If the distance between the lens and the mirror is $20\,cm$,find the focal length of the convex mirror in $cm$.

$A$ ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of incidence $45^o$ as shown in the figure. After reflection,the ray passes through a prism of refractive index $1.5$,whose apex angle is $4^o$. The angle through which the mirror should be rotated if the total deviation of the ray is to be $90^o$ is

Two lamps of luminous intensity of $8 \, Cd$ and $32 \, Cd$ respectively are lying at a distance of $1.2 \, m$ from each other. Where should a screen be placed between the two lamps such that its two faces are equally illuminated due to the two sources?